Uterine leiomyoma
A uterine fibroid (also uterine leiomyoma, myoma, fibromyoma, leiofibromyoma, fibroleiomyoma, and fibroma) (the plural of myoma is myomas or myomata) is a benign (non-cancerous) tumor that originates from the smooth muscle layer (myometrium) and the accompanying connective tissue of the uterus.
Fibroids are the most common benign tumors in females and typically found during the middle and later reproductive years. While most fibroids are asymptomatic, they can grow and cause heavy and painful menstruation, painful sexual intercourse, and urinary frequency and urgency. Some fibroids may interfere with pregnancy although this appears to be very rare.
In the United States, symptoms caused by uterine fibroids are a very frequent indication for hysterectomy. Fibroids are often multiple and if the uterus contains too many leiomyomata to count, it is referred to as diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis. The malignant version of a fibroid is extremely uncommon and termed a leiomyosarcoma.
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- A very large (9cm) fibroid of the uterus which is causing pelvic congestion syndrome as seen on CT
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- A very large (9cm) fibroid of the uterus which is causing pelvic congestion syndrome as seen on US
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- A small uterine fibroid seen within the wall of the myometrium on a cross sectional ultrasound view
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- uterine leiomyomata who presented for pelvic MRI. Axial T1-weighted fat-suppressed out-of-phase gradient-echo image (TR/TE/FA, 160/1.5/90) obtained through uterus shows enlarged uterus with intermediate signal intensity of viable myometrium (M) and leiomyoma (F) relative to skeletal muscle.
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- uterine leiomyomata who presented for pelvic MRI. Axial delayed gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted out-of-phase gradient-echo image (TR/TE/FA, 180/1.5/90) shows diffuse enhancement of viable myometrium (M) and leiomyoma (F).
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- uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine leiomyomata who presented with new fever, lower abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, uterine tenderness, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, and leukocytosis. Sagittal T2-weighted fast spin-echo image (TR/TE, 6,000/85) obtained through midline of uterus shows several intermediate to slightly high-signal-intensity lesions due to uterine leiomyomata (F) and extensive high signal intensity of surrounding myometrium secondary to coagulative necrosis relative to skeletal muscle. Peripheral scattered areas and thin subserosal rim of intermediate to slightly high-signal-intensity viable myometrium (arrow) are seen. Endometrium is poorly visualized because of distortion by leiomyomata.
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